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Related Concept Videos

Anastomoses01:19

Anastomoses

In human anatomy, anastomosis refers to a connection or opening between two things, particularly between blood vessels or other tubular structures. The term is derived from the Greek term 'anastomosis,' which means 'outlet' or 'opening.' This natural network of connections plays a critical role in the survival and functionality of the human body.
Anastomoses can be formed at arterial, venous, and lymphatic vessels.
Arterial Anastomosis: These occur between arteries. They are most common in...
Overview of the Vascular System01:20

Overview of the Vascular System

The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
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Varicose Veins I: Introduction

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Development of Blood Vessels01:07

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...

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A Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Venous Malformation
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Published on: June 15, 2020

Complex vascular anomalies.

Richard G Azizkhan1

  • 1Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, USA, richard.azizkhan@cchmc.org.

Pediatric Surgery International
|August 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vascular anomalies are classified as tumors or malformations, each with unique features. Advanced imaging and targeted therapies like propranolol and sirolimus improve the management of these complex vascular conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Vascular anomalies are broadly categorized into vascular tumors and vascular malformations.
  • Vascular tumors include infantile hemangiomas, characterized by a predictable life cycle and GLUT-1 marker.
  • Vascular malformations encompass capillary, venous, arteriovenous, lymphatic, and mixed types, with complex forms posing treatment challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the current classification system for vascular anomalies.
  • To highlight diagnostic advancements and therapeutic strategies for vascular tumors and malformations.
  • To emphasize the importance of multimodal treatment approaches for complex cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current classification systems for vascular anomalies.

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  • Discussion of diagnostic tools, including advanced imaging.
  • Overview of pharmacologic therapies and interventional procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • The classification distinguishes between tumors (e.g., hemangiomas) and malformations (e.g., venous, lymphatic).
    • Infantile hemangiomas are identified by GLUT-1 and follow a proliferative-involutionary course.
    • Complex malformations are challenging to treat, often requiring multimodal interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate classification is crucial for effective management of vascular anomalies.
    • Targeted therapies, including propranolol, steroids, and sirolimus, offer new treatment avenues.
    • Multidisciplinary team-based approaches are essential for optimizing outcomes in complex vascular anomalies.