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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Intra-Operative Behavioral Tasks in Awake Humans Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

Intra-Operative Behavioral Tasks in Awake Humans Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

Published on: January 6, 2011

Deep brain stimulation imposes complex informational lesions.

Filippo Agnesi¹, Allison T Connolly, Kenneth B Baker

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

|August 31, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) regularizes neural activity, potentially creating informational lesions. This study found DBS in the globus pallidus (GP) reduced sensory responses in GP and motor thalamus, supporting both lesion and modulation effects.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurosurgery
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a key therapy for various brain disorders.
DBS is hypothesized to create informational lesions by regularizing neural activity downstream of the stimulation target.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that DBS creates informational lesions.
To investigate the effects of globus pallidus DBS on sensorimotor processing in non-human primates.

Main Methods:

Single-unit recordings in the globus pallidus (GP) and motor thalamus (VLo) of non-human primates.
Repetitive joint articulations were used to assess neuronal responses before, during, and after GP-DBS.
Analysis of firing patterns and kinematic tuning in response to joint movement.

Main Results:

GP-DBS induced stimulus-entrained firing in the GP and motor thalamus.
A significant loss of kinematic responsiveness was observed in both GP (75%) and VLo (38%) neurons.
Despite reduced kinematic tuning, many neurons retained responsiveness to joint movement, and firing pattern modulation did not always correlate with altered sensory responses.

Conclusions:

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy acts as both a network modulator and a lesioning agent.
The findings support the informational lesion hypothesis while also highlighting complex network modulation effects.
DBS effects are multifaceted, involving both disruption and preservation of neural signaling pathways.