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Exercise stress and murine natural killer cell function.

J R Simpson1, L Hoffman-Goetz

  • 1Department of Health Studies, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
|October 1, 1990
PubMed
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Acute exercise impairs splenic natural killer cell activity, while training alone enhances it. Exercise training boosts natural killer cell function, but exhaustive exercise temporarily reduces tumor cell killing capacity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for innate immunity against tumors.
  • The impact of exercise training and acute exhaustive exercise on NK cell function is complex and requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 10-week treadmill training program and a single bout of exhaustive exercise on splenic NK cell activity in mice.
  • To assess changes in splenic catecholamine concentrations, NK cell cytolytic activity, and the frequency of NK cell markers.

Main Methods:

  • Male C3He mice underwent 10 weeks of treadmill training or remained sedentary.
  • Mice were either sacrificed or subjected to a single bout of exercise to exhaustion.
  • Splenic catecholamine levels, NK cell cytotoxicity against YAC-1 tumor cells, and asialo GM1-positive splenocyte frequency were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Exhaustive exercise, in both trained and untrained mice, reduced NK cell killing of tumor targets in vitro.
  • The frequency of asialo GM1-positive splenocytes decreased after exhaustive exercise.
  • Training alone reduced asialo GM1-positive splenocytes but maintained NK cell cytolytic activity.
  • Splenic epinephrine concentrations significantly increased in exhaustively exercised mice.

Conclusions:

  • A single bout of exhaustive exercise temporarily impairs splenic NK cell-mediated tumor cell killing.
  • Exercise training alone enhances NK cell cytolytic activity on a per-cell basis.
  • These findings highlight the differential effects of training versus acute exhaustive exercise on immune function.