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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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[MicroRNA-218 expression and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma].

Chao Li¹, Kangsheng Tu, Xin Zheng

¹Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, China.

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University

|September 3, 2013

Summary

microRNA-218 (miR-218) is down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, correlating with advanced disease. Restoring miR-218 suppresses HCC cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting Bmi-1 and CDK6.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Gene Expression

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent cancer with complex molecular underpinnings.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in cancer development and progression.
The specific role of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in HCC requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the expression levels of miR-218 in HCC tissues.
To explore the functional role of miR-218 in HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis.
To identify potential molecular targets of miR-218 in HCC.

Main Methods:

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure miR-218 expression in 46 pairs of HCC and adjacent tissues.
HepG2 cells were transfected with a miR-218 mimic to study its effects on cell viability and apoptosis using MTT assay and flow cytometry.
qRT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect potential downstream targets of miR-218, including Bmi-1 and CDK6.

Main Results:

miR-218 expression was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05).
Down-regulation of miR-218 correlated with larger tumor size (>5 cm) and advanced TNM stage (III+IV) (P<0.05).
Ectopic expression of miR-218 in HepG2 cells suppressed cell proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, and reduced Bmi-1 and CDK6 mRNA and protein levels (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Low miR-218 expression is associated with unfavorable clinicopathological features in HCC.
miR-218 functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.
The tumor-suppressive effects of miR-218 may be mediated through the down-regulation of Bmi-1 and CDK6.