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Related Concept Videos

Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Sleep modifications in acute transient global amnesia.

Giacomo Della Marca1, Marianna Mazza, Anna Losurdo

  • 1Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. mariannamazza@hotmail.com

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|September 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient global amnesia (TGA) patients show altered sleep micro-structure, particularly reduced cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) compared to stroke patients. These sleep changes may stem from hippocampal dysfunction or emotional distress.

Keywords:
Transient global amnesiacyclic alternating patternmemorysleep

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Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
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A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
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Published on: September 22, 2020

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a temporary memory loss condition.
  • Sleep is crucial for memory consolidation and storage.
  • Understanding sleep alterations in TGA is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate changes in sleep macro-structure in TGA patients.
  • Assess modifications in sleep micro-structure, including EEG arousal and cyclic alternating pattern (CAP).
  • Compare sleep parameters between TGA patients, stroke/TIA patients, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Full-night polysomnography was performed on 17 TGA patients, 17 stroke/TIA patients, and 17 healthy controls.
  • Patients and controls were matched for age and sex.
  • Multivariate analysis was used to compare sleep parameters across the three groups.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in sleep efficiency index, number of awakenings, REM latency, CAP time, and CAP rate among the groups.
  • TGA patients exhibited lower CAP time and CAP rate compared to stroke/TIA patients.
  • Sleep macro-structure and micro-structure were altered in TGA patients.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep microstructural modifications in TGA may be linked to hippocampal dysfunction and memory impairment.
  • Impairment of arousal-related structures, particularly cholinergic pathways, could contribute to TGA.
  • Emotional distress may also play a role in the observed sleep alterations in TGA.