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A study of serum apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B and lipid profile in stroke
Shilpasree As1, Savitri Sahukar, Jayaprakash Murthy
1Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College , Ghaziabad, UP - 201206, India .
Insights
Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), and their ratio are significant predictors of stroke, offering higher diagnostic efficiency than traditional lipid profiles alone.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Biochemistry
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities are established risk factors for atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke.
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) indicates atherogenic particles (LDL), while Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) reflects anti-atherogenic particles (HDL).
- The predictive role of serum lipids and lipoproteins in stroke remains under investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate serum concentrations of Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein B, the Apo B/Apo A1 ratio, and lipid profiles in stroke patients.
- To compare these markers between stroke cases and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Study included 100 subjects (50 stroke cases, 50 healthy controls) aged 30-70 years.
- Serum lipids (Total cholesterol, HDL, Triglycerides) measured by enzymatic method; LDL calculated using Friedewald formula.
- Apo B and Apo A1 quantified via immunoturbidimetric method using a semi-autoanalyzer.
Main Results:
- Stroke cases showed significantly higher Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, Triglycerides, Apo B, and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio compared to controls.
- Cases exhibited significantly lower HDL cholesterol and Apo A1 levels.
- Diagnostic validity tests indicated high sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency for Apo B, Apo A1, and the Apo B/Apo A1 ratio.
Conclusions:
- Apolipoprotein B, Apolipoprotein A1, and their ratio are effective predictors of stroke.
- These lipoprotein-related variables demonstrate significant diagnostic efficiency, complementing traditional lipid profile components for stroke risk assessment.
Background:
Role of Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins and Lipoprotein related variables in the prediction of Stroke is less clear. Abnormalities in plasma Lipoproteins are the most firmly established and best understood risk factors for Atherosclerosis and they are probable risk factors for Ischaemic stroke, largely by their link to Atherosclerosis. Apo B reflects the concentration of potentially atherogenic particles (LDL), and Apo A1 reflects the corresponding concentration of anti- atherogenic particles (HDL), represent additional lipoprotein related variables that may indicate the vascular risk.
Aim:
To study serum concentration of Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein B, Apo B/Apo A1 ratio and Lipid profile in Stroke Cases and to compare with healthy controls.
Design:
A total number of 100 subjects within 30 - 70 years were considered for the study. 50 subjects with Stroke (both clinically as well as Computed tomographically proven cases) and 50 age and sex matched healthy individuals were taken for the study.
Material And Methods:
Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and Triglycerides are estimated by Enzymatic method using Semiautoanalyser. LDL cholesterol is estimated by Friedewald formula. Apo B and Apo A1 are estimated by Immunoturbidimetric method using Semiautoanalyser.
Statistical Analysis:
Student 't' test was used to compare the data between cases and controls. Diagnostic validity tests were conducted to assess the Diagnostic efficiency of Apo A1, Apo B and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio.
Results:
Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and Triglycerides are significantly increased in Cases compared to Controls. HDL - cholesterol is significantly decreased in Cases compared to Controls. Apo B and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio are significantly increased and Apo A1 is significantly decreased in Cases compared to Controls. Diagnostic validity tests showed that, Apo B , Apo A1 and Apo B /Apo A1 ratio have highest Sensitivity, Specificity and Diagnostic efficiency.
Conclusion:
Apo B , Apo A1 and Apo B / Apo A1 ratio can be used as predictors of stroke along with traditional lipid profile components.
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