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Related Concept Videos

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
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CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...

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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Published on: June 23, 2023

Substance use disorders and evidence-based detoxification protocols.

Albert Rundio1

  • 1College of Nursing & Health Professions, Drexel University, 1505 Race Street, Room #429, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. aar27@drexel.edu

The Nursing Clinics of North America
|September 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced practice nurses play a key role in addiction treatment, including medical detoxification. They manage patient withdrawal using various pharmacologic agents within a biopsychosocial/spiritual disease model.

Keywords:
Evidence-based detoxification protocolsPharmacologic agentsSubstance use disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Science
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Addiction is recognized as a complex biopsychosocial/spiritual disease.
  • Effective treatment necessitates addressing all components of this model.
  • Medical detoxification is a critical initial phase in addiction management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the integral role of advanced practice nursing in addiction treatment.
  • To emphasize the scope of practice in medical detoxification.
  • To discuss the application of pharmacologic agents in managing withdrawal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on advanced practice nursing in addiction.
  • Analysis of pharmacologic strategies for opioid and alcohol withdrawal.
  • Examination of the biopsychosocial/spiritual model in addiction care.

Main Results:

  • Advanced practice nurses are pivotal in providing medical detoxification services.
  • A range of pharmacologic agents are utilized for effective withdrawal management.
  • Integration of biopsychosocial/spiritual aspects enhances treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced practice nursing is essential for comprehensive addiction care, particularly in detoxification.
  • Pharmacotherapy guided by advanced practice nurses is crucial for managing withdrawal.
  • A holistic approach is vital for successful addiction recovery.