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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound01:19

Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound

To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
14:19

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

Predictable progressive Doppler deterioration in IUGR: does it really exist?

Julia Unterscheider1, Sean Daly, Michael Patrick Geary

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Cork, Ireland.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|September 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies, multivessel Doppler assessment revealed multiple deterioration patterns, not a predictable sequence. Umbilical and middle cerebral artery Doppler remain key for identifying high-risk fetuses.

Keywords:
Dopplerintrauterine growth restrictionsequential changesumbilical artery

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
14:19

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

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High Frequency Ultrasound for the Analysis of Fetal and Placental Development In Vivo
06:43

High Frequency Ultrasound for the Analysis of Fetal and Placental Development In Vivo

Published on: November 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal medicine
  • Fetal ultrasonography
  • Cardiovascular physiology

Background:

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects fetal development and perinatal outcomes.
  • Multivessel Doppler assessment is used to monitor fetal well-being in IUGR.
  • Previous studies suggested a predictable pattern of Doppler deterioration in IUGR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate multivessel Doppler changes in a large cohort of IUGR fetuses.
  • To determine if a predictable progressive sequence of Doppler deterioration exists.
  • To correlate Doppler findings with perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of over 1100 singleton pregnancies with EFW < 10th centile.
  • Serial Doppler interrogation of umbilical arteries (UA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA), ductus venosus (DV), aortic isthmus, and myocardial performance index (MPI).
  • Recording of intervals between Doppler changes and patterns of deterioration, correlated with perinatal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 7769 Doppler data points from 1116 fetuses.
  • Abnormal UA in 46%, abnormal MCA in 27%, abnormal DV in 11%.
  • The classic UA to MCA to DV pattern was not more frequent than other patterns; UA and MCA Doppler identified 88% of adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple patterns of Doppler deterioration observed in IUGR pregnancies, challenging previous reports.
  • The usefulness of multivessel Doppler for guiding surveillance and delivery timing in IUGR is questioned.
  • Findings are critical for planning future intervention trials in IUGR.