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The neurophysiologic types of nonconvulsive status epilepticus: EEG patterns of different phenotypes

Raoul Sutter1, Peter W Kaplan

  • 1Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, U.S.A.

Epilepsia
|September 5, 2013
PubMed

Keywords:
AdultsChildhoodClinical syndromesDiagnosis criteriaElectroencephalographic criteriaElectroencephalographic patternsEpilepsyInfantsLate lifeNeonatalNonconvulsive status epilepticus

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Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
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Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
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Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics: