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Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

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Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
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Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...

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High-Resolution Comparison of Bacterial Conjugation Frequencies
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Published on: January 10, 2019

Host range diversification within the IncP-1 plasmid group.

Hirokazu Yano1,2, Linda M Rogers1,2, Molly G Knox1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.

Microbiology (Reading, England)
|September 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Broad-host-range plasmids show varied host ranges, with IncP-1β plasmids being more adaptable than IncP-1γ plasmids. Suboptimal replication gene regulation in IncP-1γ plasmids limits their establishment in diverse bacterial hosts.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Broad-host-range plasmids are key drivers of antibiotic resistance dissemination.
  • Understanding the link between plasmid sequence divergence and host range is crucial but remains unclear.
  • IncP-1 plasmids are classified into subgroups based on backbone gene divergence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if IncP-1 plasmids from different subgroups exhibit distinct host ranges.
  • To compare the replication and maintenance efficiencies of IncP-1β and IncP-1γ plasmids and their minireplicons across diverse bacterial hosts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two IncP-1γ plasmids, one IncP-1β plasmid, and their respective minireplicons.
  • Assessed plasmid establishment and maintenance in five bacterial species from Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria classes.
  • Compared replication efficiency between wild-type plasmids and minireplicons.

Main Results:

  • The IncP-1β plasmid demonstrated broad host range, replicating in all tested species.
  • Both IncP-1γ plasmids showed limited replication in Sphingobium japonicum and instability in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
  • IncP-1γ minireplicons, with enhanced replication initiation protein levels, replicated successfully in all hosts, indicating regulatory issues in native plasmids.

Conclusions:

  • Host ranges of IncP-1 plasmids are not uniform and only partially overlap.
  • Suboptimal regulation of replication initiation genes contributes to the limited host range of some IncP-1γ plasmids.
  • Limited plasmid host range may restrict inter-plasmid recombination, potentially driving further genome divergence.