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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
06:58

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Published on: August 17, 2017

Lateral drill holes decrease strength of the femur: an observational study using finite element and experimental

Melanie J Fox1, Jennie M Scarvell, Paul N Smith

  • 1Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia. jennie.scarvell@canberra.edu.au.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
|September 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Drilling anterior suction portals in the femur for intramedullary nailing minimally impacts bone strength. Lateral portals significantly increase stress, making anterior sites preferable for femoral fracture fixation.

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Proximal Cadaveric Femur Preparation for Fracture Strength Testing and Quantitative CT-based Finite Element Analysis
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 14, 2017

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
06:58

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Published on: August 17, 2017

Proximal Cadaveric Femur Preparation for Fracture Strength Testing and Quantitative CT-based Finite Element Analysis
08:04

Proximal Cadaveric Femur Preparation for Fracture Strength Testing and Quantitative CT-based Finite Element Analysis

Published on: March 11, 2017

A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
09:34

A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanical engineering
  • Bone mechanics

Background:

  • Internal fixation of femoral fractures involves drilling cortical bone.
  • Intramedullary suction for femoral fractures reduces fat emboli but requires four suction portals.
  • The study investigates the biomechanical impact of these additional drill holes on femur strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of suction portals on the structural integrity of the femur.
  • To compare the biomechanical performance of femurs with and without suction portals.
  • To determine optimal portal placement for minimizing stress concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to model stress distribution and calculate load limits.
  • Mechanical testing was performed on synthetic femora to validate FEA results.
  • Models included intact, internally fixed, and internally fixed femora with simulated suction portals (lateral, anterior, posterior).

Main Results:

  • FEA revealed tensile stresses on the lateral and compressive stresses on the medial femur during simulated walking.
  • Lateral suction portals increased tensile stresses by over 300%, with a safety factor of 0.7.
  • Anterior and posterior portals showed minimal stress increase (safety factor 2.4), and all tested constructs failed at the femoral neck.

Conclusions:

  • Anterior suction portals result in negligible stress increases, making them the preferred location.
  • Drilling anteriorly for suction or internal fixation is recommended to maintain femoral strength.
  • This finding aids in optimizing surgical techniques for femoral fracture management.