Oral agents for the management of gestational diabetes

In gestational diabetes (GDM), achieving euglycemia through treatment decreases the risk of adverse outcomes associated with hyperglycemia. Treatment starts with diet and nutritional counseling; however, up to 50% of women will require pharmacologic therapy to meet glucose goals. Although insulin remains the only Federal Drug Administration-approved agent to treat GDM, oral hypoglycemic agents are an attractive and increasingly common alternative. Research suggests that glyburide and metformin can each effectively manage hyperglycemia in pregnancy. This review highlights research on efficacy, safety, and advantages versus disadvantages of each. We offer management and counseling strategies for clinicians caring for patients with GDM.