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Updated: May 1, 2026

A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles
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Micro-fabricated stylus ion trap.

Christian L Arrington1, Kyle S McKay, Ehren D Baca

  • 1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|September 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A novel 3D stylus Paul trap was developed for single atomic ion sensing. This microfabricated trap significantly reduces ion-surface distance, enabling precise electric-field noise measurements.

Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
  • Quantum Sensing

Background:

  • Electric-field noise from proximate surfaces can degrade the performance of sensitive devices.
  • Confining single atomic ions offers a promising route for high-precision measurements.
  • Miniaturizing ion traps is crucial for integrating quantum sensors with microelectronic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) electroformed stylus Paul trap for single atomic ion confinement.
  • To investigate the trap's capability for probing electric-field noise near surfaces.
  • To characterize the performance of the microfabricated trap for quantum sensing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Microfabrication of a 150 μm tall stylus trap using the UV-LIGA technique with 40 μm feature sizes.

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  • Confinement of single, laser-cooled magnesium-25 ions ((25)Mg(+)) in an ultra-high-vacuum environment.
  • Measurement of ion motional mode heating rates using Raman sideband spectroscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • Single (25)Mg(+) ions were successfully confined with lifetimes exceeding 2 hours.
    • A motional mode of the ion at 4 MHz was cooled close to its ground state ( = 0.34 ± 0.07).
    • The trap exhibited a measured heating rate of 387 ± 15 quanta/s at an ion height of 62 μm.

    Conclusions:

    • The electroformed 3D stylus Paul trap is a viable platform for high-precision electric-field noise sensing.
    • The microfabrication technique enables reduced ion-surface distances, enhancing sensor sensitivity.
    • The demonstrated performance metrics indicate potential for advanced quantum sensor development.