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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

miRNAs: biogenesis, origin and evolution, functions on virus-host interaction.

Yang Zhuo¹, Guohui Gao, Jian An Shi

¹Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the 118th Hospital of PLA (The People's Liberation Army, China), Wenzhou, China.

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology

|September 7, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating gene expression across species. This review explores miRNA biogenesis, evolution, and their crucial roles in virus-host interactions.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Virology

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs.
They regulate messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts post-transcriptionally.
miRNAs are involved in diverse biological processes, including development, immunity, and apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the biogenesis, origin, and evolution of miRNAs.
To discuss the functions of host and viral miRNAs.
To explore the context of virus-host interactions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent findings on miRNAs.
Synthesis of information on miRNA biology and function.
Focus on miRNA roles in viral infections.

Main Results:

miRNAs are fundamental regulators in nearly all biological processes.
Research on miRNAs spans across various species, including viruses.
Emerging insights highlight miRNA involvement in virus-host dynamics.

Conclusions:

Understanding miRNA biogenesis and evolution deepens our knowledge of their functions.
Host and viral miRNAs play significant roles in virus-host interactions.
Further research into miRNAs offers new perspectives on biological regulation and disease.