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Related Concept Videos

The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

Overview
Physiological Barriers01:25

Physiological Barriers

Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers01:23

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers

Drug distribution in the body is intricately regulated by various physiological barriers that control the passage of substances. These include the capillary endothelial barrier, the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, blood-placental, and blood-testis barriers.
The capillary endothelial barrier allows only smaller molecules below 600 Da (Daltons) to pass through. It also restricts drugs like heparin that are bound to blood components, limiting their movement within the bloodstream.
The...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Reconstruction of the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro to Model and Therapeutically Target Neurological Disease
06:19

Reconstruction of the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro to Model and Therapeutically Target Neurological Disease

Published on: October 20, 2023

The blood-brain barrier: an engineering perspective.

Andrew D Wong1, Mao Ye, Amanda F Levy

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA ; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA.

Frontiers in Neuroengineering
|September 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The blood-brain barrier restricts brain entry, hindering central nervous system disease treatments. Engineering insights into its physics offer new therapeutic possibilities.

Keywords:
blood-brain barriercapillarymicrovasculatureneurovascular unittransport

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Reconstruction of the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro to Model and Therapeutically Target Neurological Disease
06:19

Reconstruction of the Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro to Model and Therapeutically Target Neurological Disease

Published on: October 20, 2023

A Human Blood-Brain Interface Model to Study Barrier Crossings by Pathogens or Medicines and Their Interactions with the Brain
07:52

A Human Blood-Brain Interface Model to Study Barrier Crossings by Pathogens or Medicines and Their Interactions with the Brain

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Use of the MicroSiM (&#181;SiM) Barrier Tissue Platform for Modeling the Blood-Brain Barrier
09:10

Use of the MicroSiM (µSiM) Barrier Tissue Platform for Modeling the Blood-Brain Barrier

Published on: January 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) selectively controls substance entry into the brain, a phenomenon observed over a century ago.
  • Its selective permeability is a significant obstacle for treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
  • Disruptions in the BBB are implicated in CNS diseases, affecting permeability, immune cell transport, and pathogen entry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconstruct the structure, function, and transport properties of the BBB.
  • To provide an engineering perspective on BBB mechanisms.
  • To explore how understanding BBB physics can advance CNS disease treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing knowledge on BBB structure and function.
  • Application of engineering principles to analyze BBB biomechanical and biochemical signaling.
  • Reconstruction of BBB properties from a physics-based viewpoint.

Main Results:

  • The BBB is recognized as a complex, dynamic system involving vascular-brain signaling.
  • An engineering perspective reveals the physical principles governing BBB transport.
  • Understanding BBB physics is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding the BBB's dynamic nature are essential for CNS disease treatment.
  • An engineering approach offers new insights into BBB structure, function, and transport.
  • New knowledge of BBB physics holds promise for future clinical applications in treating brain disorders.