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Related Concept Videos

Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts— that give the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

BoneNET: a network model of bone microstructure and dynamics.

Taehyong Kim1, Lawrence Bone, Murali Ramanathan

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, 201 Bell Hall, Buffalo 14260-2000, New York, USA. thkim7@buffalo.edu

International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics
|September 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

We introduce BoneNET, a network model for assessing bone mineral density and remodeling. This model analyzes bone structure and cell dynamics to predict bone strength.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts
09:07

A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts

Published on: December 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Bone microstructure and remodeling are critical for skeletal health.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the complex dynamics of bone tissue.
  • Quantitative assessment of bone properties is essential for diagnosing and treating bone diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop BoneNET, a novel network model for analyzing bone microstructure and dynamics.
  • To enable quantitative assessment of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and bone remodeling.
  • To identify critical elements influencing bone strength and structural integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Developing a network model representing bone microstructure and its structural properties.
  • Employing a mathematical model to analyze bone microstructure density and mineralized fibers.
  • Simulating bone remodeling dynamics involving osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • Proposing new measurements to calculate bone strength and identify critical microstructural elements.

Main Results:

  • BoneNET provides a framework for quantitative assessment of BMD.
  • The model elucidates bone remodeling dynamics.
  • Key elements contributing to bone strength were identified through network analysis.
  • The model facilitates understanding of bone microstructure and its functional implications.

Conclusions:

  • BoneNET offers a powerful tool for studying bone health and disease.
  • The network modeling approach advances the quantitative analysis of bone microstructure.
  • This model can aid in predicting fracture risk and guiding therapeutic interventions.