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Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance

Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance

Published on: March 7, 2025

Helicobacter pylori in pediatrics.

Teresa Alarcón¹, María José Martínez-Gómez, Pedro Urruzuno

¹Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.

|September 10, 2013

Summary

Pediatric Helicobacter pylori infections present nonspecific symptoms, but are linked to anemia and atopic disease. Treatment success rates are declining due to macrolide resistance, with probiotics showing mixed results.

Keywords:

Children diagnosis epidemiology treatment relapse

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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance

Published on: July 28, 2023

Area of Science:

Pediatric Gastroenterology
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology

Background:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children often presents with nonspecific symptoms.
Peptic ulcer disease is a notable exception to nonspecific symptomatology.
H. pylori status is investigated in pediatric sideropenic anemia cases globally.

Purpose of the Study:

To review key pediatric studies on H. pylori from April 2012 to March 2013.
To examine associations between H. pylori, plasma ghrelin, and atopic diseases in children.
To assess current treatment efficacy and risk factors for H. pylori reinfection in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of pediatric H. pylori studies published within a specific one-year period.
Analysis of reported symptomatology, diagnostic investigations, and treatment outcomes.
Evaluation of studies exploring H. pylori's impact on ghrelin levels and atopic conditions.

Main Results:

H. pylori symptomatology in children is generally nonspecific, except in cases of peptic ulcer disease.
Investigation of H. pylori is recommended for children with sideropenic anemia.
Recent studies indicate lower sequential therapy success rates, potentially due to increased macrolide resistance.
Probiotic effects on H. pylori treatment in children were inconsistently reported.
Intrafamilial transmission and young age are identified as significant risk factors for pediatric H. pylori reinfection.

Conclusions:

H. pylori diagnosis in children requires careful consideration of associated conditions like anemia.
Rising macrolide resistance impacts treatment effectiveness, necessitating alternative strategies.
Further research is needed to clarify the role of probiotics and understand reinfection dynamics.