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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Bullying02:04

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Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

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According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group effort.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
11:31

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Published on: November 30, 2015

Internalizing and externalizing behaviors predict elevated inflammatory markers in childhood.

Natalie Slopen1, Laura D Kubzansky, Karestan C Koenen

  • 1Center on the Developing Child, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|September 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early childhood behavior problems are linked to higher inflammation markers like CRP and IL-6 by age 10. This heightened inflammation may increase the risk for adult chronic diseases, highlighting a crucial developmental pathway.

Keywords:
Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)Behavior problemsC-reactive proteinExternalizing behaviorInflammationInterleukin-6Internalizing behavior

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Published on: March 25, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Child psychology and developmental science
  • Biomedical research on inflammation
  • Public health and preventative medicine

Background:

  • Childhood behavior problems, including internalizing and externalizing disorders, are associated with poor adult physical health.
  • Inflammation is a proposed biological mechanism linking childhood behavior to adult health outcomes.
  • Early detection of behavior-inflammation links in pre-pubertal children requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between behavior problems at age 8 and inflammatory markers at age 10 in children.
  • To determine if body mass index (BMI) mediates these associations.
  • To examine potential reverse causality between inflammation and later behavior problems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.
  • Assessed behavior problems using the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at age 8.
  • Measured inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), at age 10.

Main Results:

  • Age 8 externalizing behaviors correlated with elevated CRP at age 10.
  • Age 8 internalizing and externalizing behaviors correlated with elevated IL-6 at age 10.
  • No evidence of BMI mediation or reverse causality was found.

Conclusions:

  • Behavior problems in childhood are associated with elevated CRP and IL-6 concentrations at age 10.
  • Childhood inflammation may represent a pathway linking early behavior issues to adult chronic disease risk.
  • These findings underscore the importance of addressing childhood behavior problems for long-term health.