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Updated: May 8, 2026

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
Published on: November 18, 2018
Pulmonary arterial hypertension combined with a high cardiac output state: Three remarkable cases
Onno A Spruijt1, Harm-Jan Bogaard, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
1Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
A congenital extrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (CEPVS), also known as an Abernethy malformation, is a rare cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this case series, we describe three male patients of 30, 23, and 27 years of age with PAH due to a CEPVS. In all three patients, a right heart catheterization revealed a high cardiac output. The aim of this case series is to make pulmonary hypertension physicians aware of the possibility of a CEPVS when PAH is accompanied with a high cardiac output state.
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