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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
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Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
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Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

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Published on: June 2, 2022

Ketamine and atropine decrease pain for preterm newborn tracheal intubation in the delivery room: an observational

J Barois1, P Tourneux

  • 1Médecine et Réanimation Néonatale, CH Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|September 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ketamine analgesia via short venous catheter insertion effectively reduced pain and prevented bradycardia during tracheal intubation in preterm newborns. This pilot study demonstrates a feasible approach for neonatal delivery room procedures.

Keywords:
Airway managementAnaesthesiaAnalgesiaHospitalsIntensive care unitsMaternityNeonatalNewborn infants

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Tracheal intubation of preterm newborns lacks a standardized analgesic protocol.
  • Difficult venous access in neonates complicates analgesic administration.
  • This study addresses the need for effective pain management during delivery room procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of short venous catheter insertion.
  • To assess immediate ketamine analgesia for tracheal intubation in preterm neonates.
  • To establish a potential protocol for neonatal delivery room intubation.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational pilot study design.
  • Ketamine and atropine administered at pediatrician's discretion.
  • Recorded pain scores, heart rate, SpO2, procedure duration, and neonatal intensive care unit morbidity.

Main Results:

  • Short catheter insertion failed in 3/57 newborns.
  • Ketamine group showed significantly lower pain scores during laryngoscopy (p < 0.001).
  • Ketamine group experienced less severe heart rate reduction during intubation (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Short venous catheter insertion with ketamine and atropine is effective.
  • This method decreases pain during tracheal intubation in preterm neonates.
  • The strategy successfully prevents vagal bradycardia in the delivery room setting.