Related Experiment Video For crystal violet
Updated: May 8, 2026

Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System
Published on: October 16, 2013
Double staining with crystal violet and methylene blue is appropriate for colonic endocytoscopy: an in vivo
Katsuro Ichimasa1, Shin-ei Kudo, Yuichi Mori
1Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
Background And Aim:
Endocytoscopy (EC) at ultra-high magnification enables in vivo visualization of cellular atypia of gastrointestinal mucosae. Clear images are essential for precise diagnosis by EC. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the optimal staining method for EC in the colon.
Methods:
Thirty prospectively enrolled patients were allocated 1:1:1 to three distinct staining methods: 0.05% crystal violet (CV) alone, 1% methylene blue (MB) alone, or CV+MB (CM double). Normal rectal mucosae were stained with each dye and videos of EC images were recorded. Visibility of nuclei and gland formation after staining were evaluated as 'recognizable' or 'not recognizable'. Time for each parameter to become 'recognizable' was measured, and the average times for the three staining regimens were compared.
Results:
MB alone and CM double staining resulted in 'recognizable' (102 ± 27 vs 89 ± 22 s, P=0.263) nuclei within comparable periods of time, whereas CV alone was unable to identify nuclei. Gland formation became 'recognizable' sooner after CM double staining than after MB alone (61 ± 16 vs 108 ± 24 s, P<0.001).
Conclusions:
Double staining with CV and MB, which rapidly provided recognizable images of both nuclei and gland formation, is an appropriate staining regimen for colonic EC.
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