Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 8, 2026
08:50
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Chronic kidney disease induced dysfunction of high density lipoprotein
Suguru Yamamoto1, Valentina Kon
1Department of Clinical Nephroscience, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
|September 11, 2013
Summary
Cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on dialysis is high. Abnormalities in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function, not just quantity, may explain this increased risk.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors inadequately explain the high CVD burden in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially those on dialysis.
- Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on dialysis exhibit limited cardiovascular benefits from standard lipid-lowering therapies, indicating a significant residual risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) quantity and functionality in the residual cardiovascular risk observed in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- To explore how chronic kidney disease impacts the composition and functional capabilities of HDL particles.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of HDL composition and functionality in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- Assessment of cholesterol acceptor function and inflammatory effects associated with HDL in the CKD population.
- Evaluation of the correlation between HDL abnormalities and residual cardiovascular risk.
Main Results:
- Chronic kidney disease significantly alters HDL composition and impairs its functionality, including cholesterol efflux capacity and anti-inflammatory properties.
- These HDL abnormalities in CKD patients do not consistently correlate with each other, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms.
- HDL quantity alone does not fully account for the heightened cardiovascular risk in this cohort.
Conclusions:
- Aberrant HDL functionality, beyond mere quantity, is a critical contributor to the exaggerated cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis.
- Distinct mechanistic pathways underlie the various functional impairments of HDL in CKD.
- Targeting specific HDL functional defects offers a promising novel therapeutic strategy for mitigating cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
01:28Diabetic Nephropathy
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
01:10Nephrons
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
01:26Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug binding...