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The Colloidal State

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The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2020

Shape-selected colloidal MOF crystals for aqueous use.

Melinda Sindoro¹, Ah-Young Jee, Steve Granick

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)

|September 11, 2013

Summary

Researchers developed a method to create stable, uniform metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in water using aluminum and benzene tricarboxylic acid. These MOFs demonstrated excellent environmental stability, even in acidic conditions.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Chemical Synthesis

Background:

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable properties for various applications.
Developing water-stable MOFs is crucial for green chemistry and broader industrial use.
Controlling MOF morphology and size (monodispersity) is key for predictable performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize shape-selectable, monodisperse, and aqueous-stable MOFs.
To investigate the influence of solvent mixtures and capping ligands on MOF characteristics.
To confirm the environmental robustness of the synthesized MOFs.

Main Methods:

Reaction of aluminum nitrate with benzene tricarboxylic acid in aqueous solvent mixtures.
Utilizing acetic acid as a capping ligand to control MOF formation.
Employing thermal analysis and immersion tests in acidic aqueous media for stability assessment.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of shape-selectable, monodisperse MOFs in aqueous media.
Demonstrated aqueous stability of the MOFs.
Confirmed environmental stability through thermal analysis and acidic immersion tests.

Conclusions:

The described method enables the production of stable, well-defined MOFs in environmentally friendly aqueous systems.
Acetic acid acts as an effective capping ligand for controlling MOF synthesis.
The synthesized MOFs exhibit promising stability for potential applications in aqueous environments.