Metalloid compounds as drugs
1PCTE Institute of Pharmacy, near Baddowal Cantt, Ludhiana-142 021, India.
Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
|September 11, 2013
Summary
Metalloid compounds, including boron, arsenic, and tellurium derivatives, show significant therapeutic potential. These elements are being explored for treating neglected tropical diseases, leishmaniasis, leukemia, and Parkinson
Area of Science:
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Toxicology
Background:
- Metalloids (boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium) and their compounds have historical and current medicinal applications.
- Metalloid-containing compounds are utilized as antiprotozoal drugs.
- Specific metalloids like arsenic and antimony have established roles in treating diseases such as syphilis, leukemia, and leishmaniasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse medicinal applications of metalloid-containing compounds.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of boron, arsenic, tellurium, and silicon compounds in various diseases.
- To explore novel applications of metalloids in medicine, including neglected tropical diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of metalloid compounds in medicinal chemistry.
- Analysis of existing drug approvals and clinical trials involving metalloids.
- Investigation of in vitro studies on metalloid compounds for drug resistance and biological activity.
Main Results:
- Boron-based benzoxaboroles show promise for neglected tropical diseases.
- Arsenic compounds (arsphenamine, arsenic trioxide) are effective against syphilis and leukemia.
- Pentavalent antimonials are key treatments for leishmaniasis.
- Tellurium compounds (e.g., AS101) may benefit Parkinson's disease.
- Organosilicon compounds can reverse multidrug resistance in vitro.
Conclusions:
- Metalloids represent a versatile class of elements with broad therapeutic applications.
- Further research into metalloid-based drugs could lead to novel treatments for various human diseases.
- Metalloid chemistry offers significant opportunities for drug discovery and development.
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