Beta-Thalassemia major and pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Study conducted at the University of Catania, involving the Paediatric and Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments.
• Focuses on Beta Thalassemia major, a significant genetic blood disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical management and medical outcomes of pregnancies in women with Beta Thalassemia major.
• To assess the feasibility and safety of pregnancy in this patient population based on current guidelines.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 6 pregnancies in 5 women with Beta Thalassemia major.
• Patients categorized by menstrual cycle characteristics (amenorrhea or normal menstruation).
• Comprehensive pre-pregnancy assessment including screening for various conditions and detailed physiological evaluations.

Main Results:

• All 6 pregnancies resulted in healthy babies born at term (38 weeks gestation).
• No pregnancy-related complications or immediate postpartum complications were reported.
• Only one patient required ovulation induction due to primitive amenorrhea.

Conclusions:

• Advances in Beta Thalassemia major treatment, particularly iron overload management, enhance survival rates and enable more pregnancies.
• Pregnancy in women with Beta Thalassemia major is a viable option with appropriate multidisciplinary care.
• Vigilant monitoring by experienced obstetricians and hematologists is crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes.