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Related Experiment Videos

Effects of short-term training on cardiac function during prolonged exercise.

H J Green1, L L Jones, D C Painter

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Short-term exercise training significantly increases plasma volume and total blood volume. This adaptation enhances cardiac output during prolonged exercise, improving exercise tolerance and oxygen delivery to muscles.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Adaptation
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Understanding the physiological adaptations to exercise training is crucial for optimizing athletic performance.
  • Plasma volume expansion is a known early response to exercise training.
  • The impact of plasma volume changes on cardiac function during prolonged exercise requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between training-induced plasma volume expansion and cardiac performance.
  • To examine alterations in cardiac output, stroke volume, and arteriovenous oxygen difference during submaximal exercise post-training.
  • To assess the influence of plasma volume changes on thermoregulation during prolonged exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Seven male subjects underwent a 3-day training program (2 hours/day at 65% VO2max).

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  • Cardiac performance metrics (cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate) and gas exchange were measured before and after training during prolonged cycling.
  • Plasma volume, total blood volume, and core temperature were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Training increased plasma volume by 20% and total blood volume by 12%.
    • Cardiac output was significantly higher post-training during exercise, despite no changes in VO2, VCO2, or RER.
    • Stroke volume decreased, and arteriovenous O2 difference was depressed post-training, indicating enhanced oxygen delivery efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Early exercise training induces plasma volume expansion and enhances cardiac output during prolonged submaximal exercise.
    • Increased cardiac output, coupled with altered cardiodynamic behavior, improves cardiac reserve and exercise tolerance.
    • Training-induced plasma volume expansion does not appear to significantly alter thermoregulatory responses during exercise.