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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

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Chronic fluoxetine treatment changes S100B expression during postnatal rat brain development.

Nathalie Bock1, Emre Koc, Hannah Alter

  • 11 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen , Göttingen, Germany .

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
|September 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluoxetine treatment during periadolescence (postnatal days 21-35) significantly increased S100B gene and protein expression in rat brains long-term. This highlights a critical developmental window sensitive to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine are used for childhood depression.
  • Fluoxetine impacts neuronal development in rats, but its effect on glia development is unknown.
  • S100B, a glia protein, may influence serotonin pathways, and serotonin may affect S100B expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if fluoxetine influences S100B expression during postnatal development in rats.
  • To investigate if these changes are region-specific and dependent on the timing of drug administration.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to assess S100B gene and protein expression in rat frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum.
  • Rats received fluoxetine (5 mg/kg/bw s.c.) for 14 days during different postnatal periods (PD 1-15, 21-35, 50-64).
  • Short-term (24 hours post-treatment) and long-term (PD 90) effects were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Long-term (PD 90) fluoxetine treatment during postnatal days 21-35 significantly increased S100B gene and protein expression in all studied brain regions.
  • Treatment during other postnatal periods (PD 1-15, 50-64) did not result in long-term changes in S100B expression.
  • A short-term increase in S100B expression was observed across most developmental stages and regions 24 hours after fluoxetine administration.

Conclusions:

  • A periadolescent period (PD 21-35) in rats is highly sensitive to fluoxetine's effects on S100B expression.
  • These findings suggest a critical window for drug administration during brain development.
  • Further clinical research is warranted to explore similar sensitive periods in children.