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Updated: May 8, 2026

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Platelet-derived CXCL12 (SDF-1α): basic mechanisms and clinical implications

M Chatterjee1, M Gawaz

  • 1Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|September 13, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Platelets release CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor-1α), crucial for tissue repair and cardiovascular health. Elevated platelet CXCL12 in heart attack patients indicates better outcomes and aids progenitor cell recruitment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Hematology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Platelets are a primary source of CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor-1α, SDF-1α), storing it in α-granules.
  • Platelet activation increases CXCL12 release and surface expression, influencing cellular functions.
  • CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play roles in megakaryopoiesis and platelet function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of platelet-derived CXCL12 in cardiovascular biology.
  • To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of platelet-derived CXCL12.
  • To summarize findings on CXCL12's impact on progenitor cell recruitment and tissue repair.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on platelet biology and CXCL12.
  • Analysis of studies investigating CXCL12's interaction with CXCR4.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo data on progenitor cell mobilization and tissue repair.

Main Results:

  • Platelet-derived CXCL12 modulates paracrine signaling, affecting nucleated cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
  • CXCL12 enhances progenitor cell recruitment to injury sites, promoting repair.
  • Elevated platelet CXCL12 in acute myocardial infarction correlates with progenitor cell numbers, preserved cardiac function, and improved outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet-derived CXCL12 is a key mediator in cardiovascular repair and regeneration.
  • CXCL12 levels on platelets serve as a prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular disease.
  • Targeting the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis holds therapeutic promise for cardiovascular conditions.

Keywords:
chemokinesplateletsregenerationstem cellsthrombosis

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