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Platelet-derived CXCL12 (SDF-1α): basic mechanisms and clinical implications.

M Chatterjee¹, M Gawaz

¹Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH

|September 13, 2013

Summary

Platelets release CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor-1α), crucial for tissue repair and cardiovascular health. Elevated platelet CXCL12 in heart attack patients indicates better outcomes and aids progenitor cell recruitment.

Keywords:

chemokines platelets regeneration stem cells thrombosis

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Published on: April 9, 2018

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Biology
Hematology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Platelets are a primary source of CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor-1α, SDF-1α), storing it in α-granules.
Platelet activation increases CXCL12 release and surface expression, influencing cellular functions.
CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play roles in megakaryopoiesis and platelet function.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the multifaceted role of platelet-derived CXCL12 in cardiovascular biology.
To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of platelet-derived CXCL12.
To summarize findings on CXCL12's impact on progenitor cell recruitment and tissue repair.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on platelet biology and CXCL12.
Analysis of studies investigating CXCL12's interaction with CXCR4.
Examination of in vitro and in vivo data on progenitor cell mobilization and tissue repair.

Main Results:

Platelet-derived CXCL12 modulates paracrine signaling, affecting nucleated cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
CXCL12 enhances progenitor cell recruitment to injury sites, promoting repair.
Elevated platelet CXCL12 in acute myocardial infarction correlates with progenitor cell numbers, preserved cardiac function, and improved outcomes.

Conclusions:

Platelet-derived CXCL12 is a key mediator in cardiovascular repair and regeneration.
CXCL12 levels on platelets serve as a prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular disease.
Targeting the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis holds therapeutic promise for cardiovascular conditions.