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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice
04:33

Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice

Published on: August 2, 2024

[Chronic cough].

Salome Schafroth Török1

  • 1Klinik für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Basel.

Praxis
|September 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

For non-smokers, the top causes of chronic cough include eosinophilic airways disease, Upper-airway-Cough-Syndrome (UACS), and Gastro-esophageal-Reflux Disease (GERD). Smokers often experience chronic cough due to chronic bronchitis and COPD.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Chronic cough is a common respiratory symptom with diverse etiologies.
  • Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective management.
  • Non-smokers and smokers present with distinct primary causes of chronic cough.

Purpose:

  • To outline the most frequent causes of chronic cough in non-smokers and smokers.
  • To provide guidance on empirical investigation and treatment strategies for chronic cough.

Summary:

  • In non-smokers without ACE-inhibitor use, the primary causes of chronic cough are eosinophilic airways disease (asthma, eosinophilic bronchitis), Upper-airway-Cough-Syndrome (UACS), and Gastro-esophageal-Reflux Disease (GERD).
  • In smokers, chronic bronchitis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are also significant contributors to chronic cough.
  • For patients with a normal chest X-ray and no clear indication of less common causes, empirical evaluation or treatment for these common conditions is recommended.

Impact:

  • Facilitates accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment of chronic cough.
  • Improves patient outcomes by addressing the root cause of persistent cough.
  • Provides a clinical framework for managing chronic cough in primary care and specialist settings.