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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

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System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

Programmatic approaches to screening for active tuberculosis.

M Uplekar1, J Creswell, S-E Ottmani

  • 1Global TB Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|September 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active case finding for tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for improving diagnosis. Programmatic implementation requires a systematic approach, prioritizing risk groups and utilizing appropriate screening strategies for better public health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Passive case finding remains the primary method for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis, despite its limitations.
  • Stagnating TB case notifications and slow incidence decline necessitate a shift towards more active detection strategies.
  • Existing recommendations for screening contacts and individuals with HIV require scaling up.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss programmatic approaches for implementing active TB case finding, aligning with WHO recommendations.
  • To provide guidance on translating global TB screening recommendations into practical, setting-specific strategies.
  • To highlight lessons learned from field experience for effective TB case detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published literature on active TB case finding.
  • Analysis of field experience and programmatic implementation challenges.
  • Discussion of World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for systematic TB screening.

Main Results:

  • Published literature on active TB case finding is limited, but field experience offers valuable insights.
  • A systematic approach is essential for programmatic TB screening implementation.
  • Key considerations include goal setting, risk group prioritization, algorithm selection, and stakeholder engagement.

Conclusions:

  • Active case finding requires careful, systematic programmatic implementation, not hasty pursuit.
  • Effective TB screening involves clear objectives, risk group identification, and appropriate diagnostic tools.
  • Successful strategies necessitate collaboration, ethical considerations, and robust monitoring and evaluation.