Related Experiment Videos
[Sudden cardiac death in the emergency hospital]
1Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata Medical Center for Emergency.
Insights
Sudden cardiac arrest incidence rises with age, often linked to heart disease or brain bleeds. Survival rates vary significantly based on the cause and promptness of CPR, highlighting the need for timely intervention.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Neurology
Context:
- Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) poses a significant public health challenge.
- Investigated SCA epidemiology and outcomes in Yamagata city between 1984-1987.
- Examined demographic, seasonal, etiological, and survival factors in SCA cases.
Purpose:
- To determine the incidence, causes, and survival rates of sudden heart arrest.
- To identify risk factors and trends associated with SCA.
- To analyze the impact of underlying cardiac conditions and resuscitation timing on survival.
Summary:
- A study of 303 sudden heart arrest cases (2:1 male:female) in Yamagata city (1984-1987) revealed an incidence of 41.0/100,000/year, increasing with age.
- Major causes included cardiac disease (46.4%, notably ischemic heart disease) and intracranial hemorrhages (18.6%).
- Survival rates varied widely (e.g., 18.8% for acute myocardial infarction, 71.4% for vasospastic angina) and were influenced by resuscitation timing; 20% overall survived. History of heart disease was common (approx. 50%), with premonitory symptoms in at least one-third of cases.
Impact:
- Provides crucial epidemiological data on sudden heart arrest in a specific urban population.
- Highlights the critical role of prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and specific cardiac conditions in SCA survival.
- Informs public health strategies and clinical management for reducing SCA mortality.
Abstract:
We investigated 303 (men: women = 2:1) cases who suffered sudden heart arrest in Yamagata city since 1984 to 1987. The incidence rate was 41.0/100,000/year, and increased markedly with increasing age. There was a tendency for sudden death to occur in the winter season, evening and early morning. Two major causes were cardiac disease (especially ischemic heart disease) (46.4%) and intracranial hemorrhages (18.6%). 20% of all the heart-arrest cases were able to be saved, but, depending on the kind of heart disease the survival rate varied greatly (18.8% in acute myocardial infarction and 71.4% in vasospastic angina), (40.0% in ventricular fibrillation and 13.3% in the bradycardic arrhythmias). Survival rate was also effected by the time interval from the onset till the beginning of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. About one half of the cases had histories of cardiac disease. Premonitory symptoms were observed in at least one third of the cases.