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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

APOE polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy.

Shin-ichi Araki¹

¹Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan, araki@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp.

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology

|September 13, 2013

Summary

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 allele may increase diabetic nephropathy risk, supported by family studies and meta-analyses. However, its precise role and clinical utility require further investigation.

Area of Science:

Genetics
Nephrology
Endocrinology

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes.
Genetic factors contribute to DN susceptibility.
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism is a candidate for DN risk due to its role in lipid metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the association between APOE polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy.
To synthesize evidence from various study designs regarding APOE and DN risk.

Main Methods:

Review of epidemiological, case-control, family-based (transmission/disequilibrium test), and prospective follow-up studies.
Meta-analyses were considered.

Main Results:

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Conflicting results exist from case-control studies.

Family-based studies and prospective studies suggest an increased risk for diabetic nephropathy in APOE ε2 allele carriers.

Recent meta-analyses support the association between the APOE ε2 allele and diabetic nephropathy risk.

Conclusions:

The APOE ε2 allele appears to be a genetic risk factor for diabetic nephropathy susceptibility.
The genetic effect is modest, and the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.
Further research is needed to determine the clinical value of APOE genotyping in diabetes management.