Holarctic genetic structure and range dynamics in the woolly mammoth

Eleftheria Palkopoulou1, Love Dalén, Adrian M Lister

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, , 10405 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, , Stockholm 10691, Sweden, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, , London SW7 5BD, UK, Northeast Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Magadan 685000, Russia, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg 199034, Russia, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Moscow 119071, Russia, Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, , 10691 Uppsala, Sweden, Operational Direction 'Earth and History of Life', Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, , Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, , Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK.

Summary

Ancient DNA reveals woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) population dynamics across the Holarctic. A new European lineage emerged and vanished, with significant expansions and a major decline in the Late Pleistocene.

Related Concept Videos

Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less likely to...
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Limits to Natural Selection01:38

Limits to Natural Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).