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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

TAPE: A Biodegradable Hemostatic Glue Inspired by a Ubiquitous Compound in Plants for Surgical Application
08:40

TAPE: A Biodegradable Hemostatic Glue Inspired by a Ubiquitous Compound in Plants for Surgical Application

Published on: June 8, 2016

[Hemostatic absorbable gel matrix for severe post-traumatic epistaxis].

J T Bachelet1, J Bourlet, A Gleizal

  • 1Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, université Claude-Bernard Lyon-1, groupement hospitalier Nord, CHU de Lyon, 103, Grande-Rue-de-la-Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France.

Revue De Stomatologie, De Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale Et De Chirurgie Orale
|September 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A sterile hemostatic gel matrix effectively managed severe traumatic epistaxis in 90% of patients, offering superior comfort compared to traditional methods. Further research is recommended for its use as a first-line treatment.

Keywords:
EpistaxisFacial injuriesHemostatic technicTechnique hémostatiqueTraumatismes faciauxÉpistaxis

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Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Published on: August 30, 2020

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

TAPE: A Biodegradable Hemostatic Glue Inspired by a Ubiquitous Compound in Plants for Surgical Application
08:40

TAPE: A Biodegradable Hemostatic Glue Inspired by a Ubiquitous Compound in Plants for Surgical Application

Published on: June 8, 2016

Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
10:34

Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Published on: August 30, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Maxillofacial Trauma
  • Otolaryngology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Traumatic epistaxis is a frequent and severe complication in maxillofacial trauma patients.
  • Effective management strategies for severe epistaxis are crucial.
  • A sterile hemostatic gel matrix (SF) was evaluated for this indication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a sterile hemostatic gel matrix (SF) in managing traumatic epistaxis.
  • To compare the efficacy and patient comfort of SF with conventional hemostatic techniques.
  • To determine SF's potential as a first-line treatment for severe post-traumatic epistaxis.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of ten patients managed by a single surgeon between 2008 and 2012.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, trauma mechanism, epistaxis characteristics, and prior hemostatic techniques.
  • SF effectiveness and patient comfort (Visual Analogue Scale - VAS) were primary and secondary endpoints, respectively.

Main Results:

  • SF successfully controlled epistaxis in nine out of ten patients, often after failure of other methods.
  • Mean VAS scores indicated significantly better patient comfort with SF (3.2/10) compared to wicking (7/10) and double balloon catheter (9.3/10).
  • SF was used either after initial treatments or as a primary intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Hemostatic gel matrix (SF) demonstrates high effectiveness in managing severe post-traumatic epistaxis.
  • SF offers improved patient comfort compared to traditional epistaxis management techniques.
  • A larger prospective study is warranted to support SF as a first-line treatment for severe traumatic epistaxis.