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Glial Cells01:04

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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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What is a Nervous System?01:25

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Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
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Published on: December 27, 2024

Central nervous system cancers.

Louis Burt Nabors, Mario Ammirati, Philip J Bierman

    Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
    |September 14, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New guidelines offer updated treatment strategies for central nervous system tumors, including anaplastic oligodendroglioma and brain metastases. Combined chemotherapy and radiation are now standard for specific oligodendrogliomas, while radiosurgery benefits select metastatic cases.

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    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis
    07:43

    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis

    Published on: February 8, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Neuro-oncology
    • Clinical Oncology
    • Radiation Oncology

    Background:

    • Central nervous system tumors are diverse, requiring tailored management.
    • Recent advances have refined treatment protocols for specific glioma subtypes.
    • Effective strategies for metastatic brain disease continue to evolve.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide evidence-based guidelines for diagnosing and managing primary and metastatic central nervous system tumors.
    • To incorporate recent clinical trial findings into treatment recommendations.
    • To offer expert consensus on managing various glioma subtypes and brain metastases.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical evidence from randomized trials.
    • Panel consensus on diagnostic and management strategies.
    • Inclusion of expert advice on specific tumor types.

    Main Results:

    • Combined chemotherapy and radiation established as standard for 1p/19q codeleted anaplastic oligodendroglioma, improving survival.
    • Stereotactic radiosurgery shows efficacy for multiple brain metastases with low tumor volume.
    • Guidelines cover low-grade astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic gliomas, glioblastomas, medulloblastomas, PNETs, and brain metastases.

    Conclusions:

    • Updated guidelines reflect new standards of care for specific central nervous system malignancies.
    • Recommendations aim to optimize patient outcomes through evidence-based and consensus-driven approaches.
    • Comprehensive management strategies are provided for a wide range of brain tumors.