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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters01:11

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters

The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
14:05

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Published on: December 20, 2014

Ureterocele containing a stone in a duplex system.

Youssef Gharbi1, Tahar Gargah, Tarek Boukesra

  • 1Habib Thameur Medical Center, Tunis, Tunisia. yousmi2002@yahoo.fr

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|September 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Calcified stones in ureteroceles are rare in children. This case report details an 8-year-old girl diagnosed with a ureterocele containing a calcified stone using advanced radiological imaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Nephrolithiasis
  • Ureteral Abnormalities

Background:

  • Ureteroceles are congenital anomalies of the upper urinary tract.
  • Calcified stone formation within ureteroceles is a well-documented phenomenon in adults.
  • Pediatric cases of ureteroceles with calculi are exceedingly rare.

Observation:

  • A rare case of an 8-year-old female presenting with a ureterocele.
  • The ureterocele was found to contain a significant calcified stone.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed through a combination of radiological imaging.

Findings:

  • Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and ultrasonography were initial diagnostic tools.
  • Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) provided further anatomical detail.
  • The imaging confirmed the presence of a calcified calculus within the ureterocele.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering ureterocele calculus in pediatric patients with urinary tract issues.
  • Demonstrates the utility of standard radiological investigations for diagnosis.
  • Discusses surgical management options including meatotomy with calculus extraction or open surgery.