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Growing-up milk: a necessity or marketing?
Hildegard Przyrembel1, Carlo Agostoni
1Formerly Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics
|September 14, 2013
Summary
Growing-up milk (GUM) is not essential for toddlers but can help bridge nutritional gaps. Optimal GUM formulation should reduce protein and enhance fats, vitamins, and minerals, avoiding promotion as a necessity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Dietary Supplements
Background:
- Growing-up milk (GUM) consumption is rising in children aged 1-3 years.
- GUM can address nutritional gaps during the transition from infant formula to family diets, especially with poor eating habits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define optimal nutritional composition for Growing-up Milk (GUM) for children aged 1-3 years.
- To evaluate the role of GUM in pediatric nutrition and advise against its promotion as essential.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and nutritional analysis of GUM products.
- Comparison of GUM composition with infant/follow-on formulas and reference nutritional values.
Main Results:
- GUM should feature reduced protein content compared to standard cow's milk.
- Formulation should include vegetable oils, essential fatty acids, and potentially DHA/ARA.
- Key minerals (calcium, phosphorus) and vitamins (B2, B12, A, D, iron, iodine, zinc) should be maintained or added to meet specific levels.
Conclusions:
- GUM can be beneficial for specific nutritional needs in toddlers but is not a dietary necessity.
- Evidence does not support promoting GUM as essential for young children's nutrition.
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