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Updated: May 7, 2026

The Terroir Concept Interpreted through Grape Berry Metabolomics and Transcriptomics
Published on: October 5, 2016
Berry phenolics of grapevine under challenging environments
António Teixeira1, José Eiras-Dias, Simone D Castellarin
1Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal. geros@bio.uminho.pt.
Grape berry phenolics are crucial for wine quality and are significantly impacted by climate change. Understanding how environmental factors affect phenolic metabolism is key to adapting viticulture and improving wine profiles.
Area of Science:
- Viticulture and Oenology
- Plant Biochemistry
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Grape berry phenolics influence wine's sensory attributes, color, and stress resistance.
- Climate change, particularly warming, impacts grape cultivation and wine quality.
- Environmental factors like heat, drought, and UV light significantly alter phenolic metabolism in grapes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diversity and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in grape berries.
- To detail the influence of environmental challenges on key phenolic metabolic pathways.
- To highlight the importance of understanding genotype-environment interactions in phenolic accumulation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of phenolic compound diversity and biosynthesis in grape berries.
- Analysis of environmental influences on phenolic metabolism pathways.
- Examination of gene expression related to phenolic compound synthesis under stress.
Main Results:
- Water stress in Chardonnay grapes increases flavonol content and reduces stilbene precursor gene expression.
- Polyphenolic profiles are highly dependent on the interaction between grape genotype and environmental conditions.
- Environmental challenges significantly affect the accumulation of specific phenolic compounds.
Conclusions:
- Understanding phenolic compound accumulation and metabolic responses to environmental factors is vital for viticulture.
- Adjusting agricultural practices based on this knowledge can modify wine profiles.
- This research underscores the need for adapting grape cultivation to changing climatic conditions to maintain wine quality.
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