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Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
Published on: December 3, 2019
Response to Comment on "Influence of HLA-C expression level on HIV control"
Richard Apps1, Mary Carrington
1Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Science Applications International Corporation Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Abstract:
Lo Monaco et al. propose that human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) and HLA-C expression levels both contribute to HIV control. The minimal, flat level of cell surface HLA-E detectable by staining with available HLA-E-specific antibodies questions a role for differential HLA-E expression in determining HIV control. Evidence remains far stronger that HLA-C expression levels as detected by the DT9 antibody specifically affect HIV control.

