Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities01:19

Limits with Oscillating Discontinuities

An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the most...
Forced Oscillations01:06

Forced Oscillations

When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
Second Order systems II01:18

Second Order systems II

In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
If  ζ...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Entropic Balance with Feedback Control: Information Equalities and Tight Inequalities.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Optimal synchronization to a limit cycle.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Kinetic glass transition in granular gases and nonlinear molecular fluids.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Atom-doped photon engine: Extracting mechanical work from a quantum system via radiation pressure.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Strong nonexponential relaxation and memory effects in a fluid with nonlinear drag.

Physical review. E·2022
Same author

Active interaction switching controls the dynamic heterogeneity of soft colloidal dispersions.

Soft matter·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Typical and rare fluctuations in nonlinear driven diffusive systems with dissipation.

Pablo I Hurtado1, A Lasanta, A Prados

  • 1Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, and Departamento de Electromagnetismo y Física de la Materia, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18071, Spain.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We extend macroscopic fluctuation theory to nonlinear driven dissipative systems, revealing universal scaling for energy dissipation fluctuations. Large fluctuations deviate from Gaussian behavior, violating the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem due to irreversible dynamics.

More Related Videos

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
08:19

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Published on: May 9, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
08:19

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

Published on: May 9, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Statistical physics
  • Condensed matter theory

Background:

  • Fluctuations in dissipated energy are crucial in nonlinear driven diffusive systems.
  • Macroscopic fluctuation theory (MFT) has been successful for nondissipative systems.
  • Understanding these fluctuations in dissipative systems requires theoretical extension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend macroscopic fluctuation theory (MFT) to nonlinear driven dissipative systems.
  • To analyze fluctuations of dissipated energy at the mesoscopic level.
  • To derive and validate theoretical predictions with numerical simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Extension of MFT starting from fluctuating hydrodynamic equations.
  • Derivation of Euler-Lagrange equations for optimal fields sustaining dissipation fluctuations.
  • Perturbative solutions and analysis of large-deviation functions.
  • Application to diffusive lattice models and comparison with numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • The action for mesoscopic paths retains a simple form, similar to nondissipative systems.
  • Small fluctuations are Gaussian, while large fluctuations show non-Gaussian behavior and violate the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem.
  • Dissipation large-deviation functions exhibit general scaling forms, favoring fluctuations in weakly dissipative systems but suppressing them in strongly dissipative ones.
  • Nonconvexity of the large-deviation function is observed for strong dissipation.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized MFT accurately describes fluctuating behavior in nonlinear driven dissipative media.
  • The study provides a detailed understanding of energy dissipation fluctuations and their statistical properties.
  • Results highlight the role of irreversibility and dissipation strength in shaping fluctuation distributions.