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Falls in the elderly: Part II, Balance, strength, and flexibility.

G M Gehlsen1, M H Whaley

  • 1Biomechanics Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|September 1, 1990
PubMed
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Elderly adults with a history of falls exhibit poorer balance, reduced leg strength, and decreased hip and ankle flexibility compared to those without a fall history. These factors may contribute to fall risk in older populations.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Falls are a significant concern for elderly adults, leading to injury and reduced quality of life.
  • Understanding the physiological factors associated with falls is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare balance, muscular strength, and flexibility between elderly adults with a history of falls (HF) and those with no history of falls (NHF).

Main Methods:

  • 19 men and 36 women participated.
  • Balance assessed via one-foot stance and backwards walking tests.
  • Muscular strength and joint range of motion (flexibility) measured using Cybex Leg Press Dynamometer and goniometer, respectively.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Significant differences found between HF and NHF groups.
  • Poorer static balance (p < .001).
  • Reduced leg strength (p < .01) and hip/ankle flexibility (p < .01) in the HF group.

Conclusions:

  • Balance, leg strength, and flexibility are potential contributing factors to falls in the elderly.
  • These findings highlight targets for interventions aimed at fall prevention in older adults.