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Falls in the elderly: Part II, Balance, strength, and flexibility
1Biomechanics Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|September 1, 1990
Summary
Elderly adults with a history of falls exhibit poorer balance, reduced leg strength, and decreased hip and ankle flexibility compared to those without a fall history. These factors may contribute to fall risk in older populations.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Biomechanics
- Kinesiology
Background:
- Falls are a significant concern for elderly adults, leading to injury and reduced quality of life.
- Understanding the physiological factors associated with falls is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare balance, muscular strength, and flexibility between elderly adults with a history of falls (HF) and those with no history of falls (NHF).
Main Methods:
- 19 men and 36 women participated.
- Balance assessed via one-foot stance and backwards walking tests.
- Muscular strength and joint range of motion (flexibility) measured using Cybex Leg Press Dynamometer and goniometer, respectively.
Main Results:
- Significant differences found between HF and NHF groups.
- Poorer static balance (p < .001).
- Reduced leg strength (p < .01) and hip/ankle flexibility (p < .01) in the HF group.
Conclusions:
- Balance, leg strength, and flexibility are potential contributing factors to falls in the elderly.
- These findings highlight targets for interventions aimed at fall prevention in older adults.