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Lower risk of atopic dermatitis among infants born extremely preterm compared with higher gestational age

S Barbarot1, C Gras-Leguen, H Colas

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dermatology, UMR 1280 Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|September 17, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Extremely preterm birth (less than 29 weeks gestation) is linked to a reduced risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD). This finding was consistent across two large infant cohorts, suggesting a protective effect of very early birth against AD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal research
  • Dermatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The influence of preterm birth on atopic dermatitis (AD) risk remains unclear.
  • AD risk has not been extensively studied in extremely preterm infants (gestational age < 29 weeks).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between gestational age and the risk of developing atopic dermatitis.
  • To assess AD risk in a large cohort of extremely preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from two independent population-based cohorts.
  • Included a total of 2329 preterm infants, with 479 born extremely preterm.
  • Analyzed the relationship between gestational age and AD outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Infants born extremely preterm (< 29 weeks) showed a lower incidence of AD compared to those born at later gestational ages.
  • Adjusted analyses revealed a significantly decreased risk of AD for infants with lower gestational age (< 29 weeks) in both cohorts.
  • Specific adjusted odds ratios (aOR) indicated a protective effect: 0.57 in the Epipage cohort and 0.41 in the LIFT cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Very low gestational age (less than 29 weeks) is associated with a reduced risk of atopic dermatitis.
  • This protective association was observed in comparison to infants born at higher gestational ages (29-34 weeks) and full-term.
  • Findings suggest a potential protective role of extreme prematurity against AD development.
Abstract

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