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Updated: May 7, 2026
The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
Multidrug-resistant TB in Zambia: review of national data from 2000 to 2011
Nathan Kapata1, Pascalina Chanda-Kapata, Matthew Bates
1Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia; National TB and Leprosy Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia; University of Zambia-University College London Medical School Research and Training Programme, Lusaka, Zambia; Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is posing a great threat to global TB control. The burden in Zambia is not well defined because routine surveillance data are scarce. We reviewed national MDR-TB data for the last decade to inform future public health policy with respect to MDR-TB in Zambia.
Method:
Retrospective review of national surveillance of MDR-TB data, TB programme and laboratory reports between 2000 and 2011.
Results:
The total number of DSTs performed during this 11-year period was 2,038 and accounted for 2.6% (2,038/78,639) of all the retreatment cases notified. The total number of diagnosed MDR-TB cases for this period was 446, of which 56.3% (251/446) were male and 41.7% (186/446) female. Only one child was found to have MDR-TB. Poly-drug resistance accounted for 18.9% (172/911) of the DR-TB cases and 8.4% of the total DSTs. 8.8% (80/911) of the DR-TB cases showed either rifampicin mono- or poly-resistance other than MDR-TB. No XDR-TB was reported. There were no data available on DR-TB and HIV co-infection. Only 65 MDR-TB patients were notified and put on second-line treatment according to WHO guidelines.
Conclusions:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis may be an emerging challenge in Zambia. There is a need to invest in improving the capacity of the TB programme to detect and manage MDR-TB.
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