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Related Concept Videos

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla01:21

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions01:30

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions

The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the subthalamic...
Brainstem01:19

Brainstem

The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through interaction...
The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination01:23

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination

The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
09:53

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Brain tumors and the area postrema.

Isaac J Abecassis1, Timothy Smith, James P Chandler

  • 1Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|September 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A rare brain tumor mimicked anorexia nervosa in a patient. Surgical removal of the fourth ventricle hemangioblastoma resolved the anorexia nervosa-like symptoms and improved appetite and weight.

Keywords:
Anorexia nervosaBrain tumorHemangioblastoma

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
09:53

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Brain tumors can rarely manifest with symptoms mimicking psychiatric disorders such as anorexia nervosa.
  • Differentiating organic pathologies from functional psychiatric conditions is crucial for effective treatment.

Observation:

  • A patient with a 10-year history of anorexia nervosa presented with headaches and was diagnosed with a fourth ventricle hemangioblastoma.
  • The patient did not exhibit typical body image disturbances associated with anorexia nervosa.
  • Tumor resection led to a significant increase in appetite and weight gain within two weeks.

Findings:

  • This case represents the first reported instance of a sporadic hemangioblastoma presenting as an anorexia nervosa-like syndrome.
  • Surgical resection of the hemangioblastoma effectively cured the anorexia nervosa-like presentation.
  • Postoperative recovery included subjective appetite improvement and objective weight gain.

Implications:

  • Central nervous system tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with atypical or long-standing eating disorders.
  • Neuroimaging is essential for identifying underlying organic causes of anorexia nervosa-like symptoms.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical intervention for specific brain tumors can reverse neurological and psychiatric-like symptoms.