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Published on: June 21, 2021
Oxidative modification of serum proteins in multiple sclerosis
Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz1, Monika Adamczyk-Sowa, Sabina Galiniak
1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been demonstrated to involve oxidative stress and augmented glycoxidation. In this study, several markers of protein oxidative damage and glycoxidation have been compared in 14 relapsing remittent in MS (RRMS) patients without immunomodifying treatment, 10 patients in clinical relapse, and clinically stable patient groups treated with interferon β 1a (18) , β 1b (19) and glatiramer acetate (GA; 6) in relation to healthy subjects (12). The glycophore content was increased in RRSM patients without treatment and in patients treated with GA. The level of advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP) was increased in RRSM patients without treatment and in patients with clinical relapse. The level of protein carbonyls was elevated in RRSM patients without treatment and in patients treated with interferon β 1b. The levels of dityrosine level and N'-formylkynureine were elevated in RRSM patients without treatment while serum protein thiol groups were decreased in RRSM patients in clinical relapse as well as RRMS patients treated with interferon β 1a. Several markers of protein modification showed correlation with the C-reactive protein level and white blood cell count, suggesting that oxidative protein modifications are linked to the inflammatory processes in MS. Results of this study confirm the occurrence of protein oxidative and glycoxidative damage in MS and show that spectrophotometric and fluorimetric markers of this damage, especially the AOPP level, may be useful in monitoring oxidative stress in the course of therapy of MS.
Insights
Oxidative and glycoxidative damage are present in multiple sclerosis (MS). Markers like advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP) can help monitor oxidative stress during MS therapy.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Biochemistry
- Oxidative Stress Research
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with oxidative stress and increased glycoxidation.
- Protein modifications due to oxidative and glycoxidative damage are implicated in MS pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare markers of protein oxidative damage and glycoxidation in different MS patient groups and healthy controls.
- To assess the utility of these markers in monitoring MS and its therapies.
Main Methods:
- Spectrophotometric and fluorimetric analysis of protein oxidation and glycoxidation markers.
- Comparison of marker levels in relapsing-remitting MS patients (untreated, in relapse, treated with interferon β1a, interferon β1b, or glatiramer acetate) and healthy subjects.
Main Results:
- Elevated glycophore content in untreated RRMS patients and those treated with glatiramer acetate.
- Increased advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP) in untreated RRMS patients and those in clinical relapse.
- Correlation of protein modification markers with C-reactive protein and white blood cell count, indicating a link to inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Protein oxidative and glycoxidative damage are confirmed in MS.
- Markers, particularly AOPP, show potential for monitoring oxidative stress during MS treatment.
- Oxidative protein modifications are linked to inflammatory processes in MS.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
01:26Protein Modifications in the RER
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.