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Suspected piperacillin-tazobactam induced nephrotoxicity in the pediatric oncology population

Jennifer A Pratt1, Melisa K Stricherz, Priya S Verghese

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Amplatz Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|September 17, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZO) may cause kidney damage in children with cancer. This broad-spectrum antibiotic, used for neutropenic fever, warrants cautious use in pediatric oncology patients due to potential acute renal injury.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Neutropenic fever is a frequent complication in pediatric cancer patients undergoing myelosuppressive therapy.
  • Piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZO) is a commonly prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotic for empiric treatment of neutropenic fever.

Observation:

  • Four pediatric oncology patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI) after receiving PIP/TAZO.
  • One patient's biopsy confirmed acute interstitial nephritis, suggesting a direct link to PIP/TAZO.

Findings:

  • The cases suggest a potential for PIP/TAZO-induced nephrotoxicity in pediatric oncology patients.
  • Acute renal injury occurred shortly after PIP/TAZO administration in all observed cases.

Implications:

  • Piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZO) should be used judiciously in pediatric oncology patients with fever and neutropenia.
  • Further investigation is warranted to confirm the association and establish monitoring guidelines for PIP/TAZO-induced nephrotoxicity in this vulnerable population.
Keywords:
Piperacillin-tazobactamnephrotoxicityoncology

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