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Respiratory rate during acute asthma.

S Kesten1, R Maleki-Yazdi, B R Sanders

  • 1Division of Respiratory Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada.

Chest
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Asthmatic patients breathe faster during emergency room visits but not in lab-induced asthma attacks. While respiratory rate correlates with airflow obstruction, it cannot replace spirometry for diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Asthma is characterized by hyperventilation during acute attacks, yet the specific breathing pattern (rate vs. depth) remains debated.
  • Understanding breathing patterns in asthma is crucial for accurate assessment and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether asthmatic patients breathe rapidly, deeply, or both during acute attacks.
  • To compare respiratory rates in naturally occurring asthma exacerbations versus laboratory-induced airway obstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Respiratory rate was monitored in 47 acutely ill asthmatic patients in an emergency room setting.
  • Breathing patterns were analyzed using respiratory inductance plethysmography in 17 asthmatic patients and 16 healthy volunteers during methacholine and exercise challenges.
  • Spirometry measures, including peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expired volume in one second (FEV1), were recorded.

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Main Results:

  • Acutely ill asthmatic patients exhibited higher respiratory rates than control subjects in the emergency room.
  • Laboratory-induced airway obstruction (methacholine, exercise) increased minute ventilation and tidal volume in asthmatic patients, but not their respiratory rate compared to controls.
  • Pre-treatment respiratory rate showed a correlation with PEFR and FEV1 in asthmatic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Respiratory rate is elevated in naturally occurring asthma exacerbations but not in transient, laboratory-induced airway obstruction.
  • While respiratory rate correlates with spirometric measures of airflow obstruction, this correlation is weak, precluding its use as a spirometry substitute.