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Growth and function in childhood of a normal solitary kidney from birth or from early infancy

Ekaterini Siomou1, Vasileios Giapros, Frederica Papadopoulou

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Avenue, 45500, Ioannina, Greece, eksiomou@yahoo.gr.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|September 18, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Children with a solitary kidney (SK) show preserved renal function but higher blood pressure and vascular resistance. Monitoring is crucial for early detection of glomerular hyperfiltration and timely intervention in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Physiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Children with a solitary kidney (SK) face increased long-term risks of hypertension, albuminuria, and glomerulosclerosis.
  • Early detection of impaired glomerular filtration is vital for managing SK patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess early signs of impaired glomerular filtration in children with a solitary kidney (SK).
  • To evaluate renal growth and function in children with SK from birth or early infancy.

Main Methods:

  • Studied renal growth and function in 38 children with SK and 40 matched controls aged 4-15.5 years.
  • Measured blood pressure, renal artery resistance index, creatinine clearance, and urinary protein/albumin excretion.
  • Utilized 99mTc-DTPA glomerular filtration rate to assess kidney function.

Main Results:

  • Children with SK exhibited higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure Z-scores and arcuate artery resistance index.
  • No significant differences were observed in creatinine clearance or 24-h protein/albumin excretion.
  • Glomerular filtration rate was >80 ml/min/1.73 m(2) in most SK children; albuminuria correlated with follow-up duration.

Conclusions:

  • Renal function is generally preserved in children with SK by ages 4-15.5 years.
  • Elevated blood pressure, vascular resistance, and potential for albuminuria necessitate vigilant monitoring.
  • SK hypertrophy correlates with postnatal growth, emphasizing the need for early intervention strategies.
Abstract

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